Germany is the Islamic Republic’s largest trading partner in the EU and exported €1.2 billion worth of goods to Iran from January to the end of October in 2022.
Historically, Germany has had a strong relationship with Iran going back to the Qajar era when Iran’s first modern university was established. Amir Kabir preferred the hiring of Austrian and German professors. In the 1930s under Reza Shah, the Iranian railways were constructed by German companies. Philipp Holzmann, Julius Berger, and Siemens Bauunion undertook the construction of the initial test lines.
According to the Federal Statistical Office of Germany, Germany exported €1.2 billion worth of goods to Iran from January to the end of October in 2022.
Trade has dropped significantly since the United States withdrew from JCPOA, but the countries continue to trade food, medicine, and other commodities that are excluded from the sanctions.
We have seen many German politicians come to the aid of Iranian prisoners as political sponsors. As its largest trading partner, the politicians can and should leverage the trade deals to put pressure on the regime to stop the atrocities and executions.
Sources: OEC, Trading Economics, Wiki